The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening cup on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times late to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.